Part IV: CASE STUDIES: Using Human Genome Epidemiology Information to Improve Health hapter 22 Tables
Human Genome Epidemiology: A Scientific Foundation for Using Genetic Information to Improve Health and Prevent Disease
Immunogenetic Factors in Chronic Beryllium Disease
Erin C. McCanlies, Michael E. Andrew, Ainsley Weston
Table 22-1
Some Uses of Beryllium
|
Industry Uses
|
Application
|
Current (C) / Discontinued (D)
|
|
Aerospace
|
Engines
Braking systems
Structures
Rockets
Satellites
Gyroscopes
Precision tools
Mirrors (Hubble telescope)
|
D
D
C
C
C
C
C
C
|
|
Telecommunications
|
Undersea repeater housings
Cell phones
Personal computers
Transistor mountings
|
C
C
C
C
|
|
Energy/electrical
|
Relays and switches
Microelectronics
Microwave devices
Nuclear reactors
Fluorescent lights
|
C
C
C
C
D
|
|
Biomedical
|
X-ray tube window
Scanning electron microscope
Dental prostheses
(Crowns, bridges and partial dentures)
|
C
C
C
|
|
Defense
|
Tank mirrors
Springs on submarine hatches
Nuclear triggers
Missile guidance
Mast mounted sights
|
C
C
C
C
C
|
|
Fire prevention
|
Non-sparking tools
Sprinkler system springs
|
C
C
|
|
Other
|
Plastic molds
Laser tubes
Bellows (CuBe)
Springs
Formula 1 race car brakes
Valve seats
(drag racer engines)
Air-bag triggers
Jewelry (gems)
Jewelry (rings)
Golf clubs
Bicycle frames a
Camera shutters
Pen clips
|
|
aVery limited use.
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Table 22-2
Summary of HLA-DPB1 Genotyping Results
| Allele/Marker |
Cases |
Controls |
OR (95% CI) |
|
D55, E56 (+)
|
26
|
18
|
|
|
D55, E56 (-)
|
7
|
26
|
5.4 (1.7 – 17.6)
|
|
E69 (+)
|
32
|
12
|
|
|
E69 (-)
|
1
|
32
|
85.3 (10.9 – 3,578.0)
|
|
*0201 (+)
|
10
|
4
|
|
|
*0201 (-)
|
23
|
40
|
4.3 (1.1 – 20.8)
|
|
*0401 (+)
|
5
|
21
|
|
|
*0401 (-)
|
28
|
23
|
0.2 (0.05 – 0.7)
|
|
Total (77)
|
33
|
44
|
|
Source: From Richeldi et al., 1993(1).
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Table 22-3
Odds of Chronic Beryllium Disease Associated with Machining Beryllium and Presence or Absence of HLA-DPB1E69*
|
Allele/Marker
|
Cases
|
Controls
|
OR (95% CI)
|
|
Machining (+)
|
5
|
42
|
|
|
Machining (-)
|
1
|
79
|
10.1 (1.1 – 93.7)
|
|
E69 (+)
|
5
|
36
|
|
|
E69 (-)
|
1
|
85
|
85.3 (10.9 – 3,578.0)
|
* Reference No.2
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Table 22-4
Disease Prevalence by HLA-DPB1E69* Machining
|
E69/Machining
|
Cases (N=6)*
|
Controls (N=121)
|
Prev. (95% CI)†
|
|
-/-
|
0
|
55
|
0.00 (0.00 – 0.06)
|
|
-/+
|
1
|
30
|
0.03 (0.00 – 0.17)
|
|
+/-
|
1
|
24
|
0.04 (0.00 – 0.20)
|
|
+/+
|
4
|
12
|
0.25 (0.07 – 0.52)
|
Source: Reference No.2
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