2009 H1N1 Flu: International Situation Update
June 25, 2010, 5:30 PM ET
This report provides an update to the international flu situation using data collected through June 20, 2010, and reported by the World Health Organization (WHO) on June 25.
WHO continues to report laboratory-confirmed 2009 H1N1 flu deaths on its Web page. These fatal cases are an under-representation of the actual numbers, as many deaths are never tested or recognized as flu related.
2009 H1N1 continues to actively circulate in the Caribbean, West Africa, and South and Southeast Asia. In the Southern Hemisphere, the proportion of influenza A (H3N2) viruses detected continues to increase and has exceeded reports of 2009 H1N1. In the Northern Hemisphere, the number of influenza B viruses detected has exceeded reports of 2009 H1N1.
Low levels of 2009 H1N1 influenza activity continue to be reported from Cuba and Colombia. 2009 H1N1 activity is increasing in Southern regions of India and circulating at low levels in several countries in Southeast Asia. Influenza type B is actively circulating in Central and Southern regions of Africa and is currently co-circulating with 2009 H1N1 in Bangladesh. Influenza A (H3N2) and influenza type B viruses have been reported in South Africa, and influenza A (H3N2) viruses continue to be reported in East Africa. Sporadic seasonal and 2009 H1N1 influenza viruses have been detected in Australia and New Zealand.
Selected Highlights
- According to WHO, the majority of 2009 H1N1 virus isolates tested worldwide remains sensitive to oseltamivir, an antiviral medicine used to treat flu. Among 2009 H1N1 isolates tested worldwide, 298 have been found to be resistant to oseltamivir – as of May 28, 2010, 67 of these isolates were detected in the United States. Approximately 1% of U.S. 2009 H1N1 viruses tested by CDC since September 1, 2009, have been resistant to oseltamivir.
- Influenza B continues to predominate in many countries of the Northern Hemisphere, including China (69.8% of all influenza detections) and the Russian Federation (93.7%).
- Influenza A (H3N2) activity persists and continues to increase in several countries of East Africa.
- On February 18, 2010, WHO published recommendations for the following viruses to be used for influenza vaccines in the 2010-2011 influenza season of the Northern Hemisphere:
- an A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)-like virus;
- an A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2)-like virus*;
- a B/Brisbane/60/2008-like virus.
* A/Wisconsin/15/2009 is an A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2)-like virus and is a 2010 Southern Hemisphere vaccine virus.
Health Organizations
- World Health Organization (WHO)
- ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control)
- H2P (Humanitarian Pandemic Preparedness)
- Public Health Agency of Canada
World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Offices
- AFRO (WHO Regional Office for Africa)
- AMRO (WHO Regional Office for the Americas) / PAHO (Pan American Health Organization)
- EMRO (WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean)
- EURO (WHO Regional Office for Europe)
- SEARO (WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia)
- WPRO (WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific)
Travel and 2009 H1N1 Flu
Human cases of 2009 H1N1 flu virus infection have been identified in the United States and several countries around the world. For information on 2009 H1N1 flu and travel, see the CDC H1N1 Flu and Travel website.
Reports and Publications
- White House Report on 2009 H1N1 in the Southern Hemisphere
Issued August 2009 – This White House report was prepared by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) in coordination with the Office of the Director for National Intelligence (ODNI) and the Department of State (Dos) and describes the characteristics and impact of 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus in the Southern Hemisphere. - ECDC Interim Risk Assessment Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Pandemic
Issued July 30, 2009 - This document provides an interim risk assessment of novel H1N1 flu in Europe prepared by ECDC. - World Health Organization Weekly Epidemiological record – Issued July 24, 2009
This document by WHO provides updates on the international novel H1N1 flu situation. - MMWR – Update: Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection – Mexico, March-May, 2009 – Issued June 5, 2009 / Vol. 58 / No. 21.
This Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report describes the novel influenza A (H1N1) outbreak in Mexico from March-May, 2009. - MMWR – Update: Novel Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infections – Worldwide, May 6, 2009 – Issued May 8, 2009 / Vol. 58 / No. 17.
This Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report describes worldwide novel influenza A (H1N1) infections as of May 6, 2009.
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