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Div. of Media Relations
1600 Clifton Road
MS D-14
Atlanta, GA 30333
(404) 639-3286
Fax (404) 639-7394 |
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May 1, 2002
Contact: HHS Press Office
(202) 690-6343
Press Release
HHS Promotes Health Through Physical Activity
Overview
Chronic diseases account for seven of every 10 U.S. deaths and for more than 60 percent of medical care expenditures. In addition, the
prolonged illness and disability associated with many chronic diseases decrease quality of life for millions of Americans.
Much of the chronic disease burden is preventable. Physical inactivity and unhealthy eating contribute to obesity, cancer, cardiovascular
disease and diabetes, which together are responsible for at least 300,000 deaths each year. Only tobacco use causes more preventable deaths in
the United States. People who avoid the behaviors that increase their risk for chronic diseases can expect to live healthier and longer lives.
Improving the health of Americans through physical activity and other prevention efforts is a priority of the Department of Health and Human
Services. Through programs and research at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and
other agencies at HHS, the department is developing programs and initiatives that encourage greater physical activity in families and
communities.
Physical activity plays an essential role in promoting good health and preventing chronic diseases. Overall, President Bush's fiscal year
2003 budget for HHS provides more than $16 billion for disease prevention programs and research.
Background
Regular physical activity substantially reduces the risk of dying of coronary heart disease, the nation's leading cause of death, and
decreases the risk for colon cancer, diabetes and high blood pressure. It also helps to control weight; contributes to healthy bones, muscles,
and joints; reduces falls among the elderly; helps to relieve the pain of arthritis; reduces symptoms of anxiety and depression; and is
associated with fewer hospitalizations, physician visits, and medications. Moreover, physical activity need not be strenuous to be beneficial;
people of all ages benefit from moderate physical activity, such as 30 minutes of brisk walking five or more times a week.
Despite the proven benefits of physical activity, more than 60 percent of American adults do not get enough physical activity to provide
health benefits. More than 25 percent are not active at all in their leisure time. Activity decreases with age and is less common among women
than men and among those with lower income and less education.
Insufficient physical activity is not limited to adults. More than a third of young people in grades 9–12 do not regularly engage in
vigorous physical activity. Daily participation in high school physical education classes dropped from 42 percent in 1991 to 29 percent in 1999.
HHS Programs To Support Health Promotion
HHS supports a number of programs to promote better health for Americans of all ages through physical activity. These programs were created to
engage the public and community organizations in taking steps to promote and encourage increased physical activity.
- Healthy Communities Innovation Initiative. President Bush's fiscal year 2003 budget includes $20 million for a new Healthy
Communities Innovation Initiative, an effort to bring together community-wide resources to help prevent diabetes, asthma and obesity. The
initiative will fund demonstration projects in five communities to enhance access to services, encourage positive behavioral changes and
improve community health. Given the relationship between physical inactivity and overweight and obesity, programs to increase physical
activity will likely play an integral role.
- President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports (PCPFS). The PCPFS serves as a catalyst to promote, encourage and motivate
Americans of all ages to become physically active and participate in sports. The PCPFS advises the President and the Secretary of Health and
Human Services on how to encourage more Americans to adopt and maintain an active and fit lifestyle while earning Presidential recognition.
More information is available at http://www.fitness.gov and http://www.indiana.edu/~preschal.*
- Healthy People 2010. Healthy People 2010, a comprehensive set of objectives for the nation to meet by the end of this decade,
identifies the most significant preventable threats to health and establishes national goals to reduce these threats. One of the Healthy
People 2010 goals is improving Americans' health, fitness and quality of life through daily physical activity with targets established both
for adults and for children. More information on Healthy People 2010 is available at http://www.health.gov/healthypeople/.
- Leading Health Indicators. The first annual report on the 10 leading health indicators, critical factors that have a profound
influence on the health of individual communities and the nation, will be released this year. The 10 leading health indicators were
identified as part of the Healthy People 2010 process and include increasing levels of physical activity as one of the indicators. They
represent the major public health concerns in the United States where individuals and communities can take action to realize significant
health improvements.
- Active Community Environments (ACEs) Initiative. Through this initiative, CDC works with partners to promote the development of
accessible recreation facilities, including more opportunities for walking and cycling. Projects include:
- A partnership with the National Park Service's Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance Program to promote the development and use
of neighborhood parks and recreation facilities.
- The development of a guidebook for public health practitioners to use in partnering with transportation and city-planning
organizations to promote walking, cycling and neighborhood recreation facilities.
- CDC's Kids Walk-to-School Program encourages children to walk to and from school in groups accompanied by adults. Walking to school
helps children be more physically active, practice safe pedestrian skills, and learn about their environment.
- The GreenStyles Survey, developed by CDC and the Environmental Protection Agency, assesses the effects of environmental, social and
personal variables on walking and cycling. More information is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/aces.htm.
- Hearts N' Parks. This national, community-based program is supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) at
NIH and by the National Recreation and Park Association. It aims to reduce the growing trend of obesity and the risk of coronary heart
disease by encouraging Americans of all ages to aim for a healthy weight, follow a heart-healthy eating plan and engage in regular physical
activity. Information is available at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/prof/heart/obesity/hrt_n_pk/.
- Programs for Older Americans. HHS works with numerous partners to promote physical activity among older adults. CDC and the
National Institute on Aging at NIH have collaborated with AARP, the American College of Sports Medicine, the American Geriatrics Society,
the American Society on Aging, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and the National Council on Aging to develop activities to increase
physical activity among older adults, including the release of the "National Blueprint: Increasing Physical Activity among Adults Aged
50 and Older." Information on the blueprint is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/press/archive/blueprint.htm.
- National Bone Health Campaign. HHS' Office on Women's Health, CDC and the National Osteoporosis Foundation launched the National
Bone Health campaign to educate and encourage girls ages 9–12 years to establish lifelong healthy habits, especially increased calcium
consumption and physical activity, that will help reduce their risk for osteoporosis later in life. Information is available at http://www.cdc.gov/powerfulbones/.
- Engaging the Health Care Sector. CDC has worked with the health care sector to support and encourage health care professionals in
managed care and other health care settings to promote physical activity among patients or health plan members. Efforts include conferences
and physical activity assessment and counseling tools that providers can use to encourage patients to be more active.
HHS Surveillance And Research Into Physical Activity
Surveillance activities related to physical activity are guided by the mission to understand and promote physical activity to enhance health
and quality of life, focusing on both youth and adults. Examples include:
- Lower Direct Medical Costs Associated with Physical Activity. This is the first study ever to examine direct medical costs
associated with various levels of physical activity by reviewing actual medical expenditures. The study found that Americans 15 years and
older who engaged in regular physical activity—at least 30 minutes of moderate or strenuous physical activity three or more times a
week—had average annual direct medical costs of $1,019 versus costs of $1,349 for those who were inactive. More information is available
at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/press/archive/lower_cost.htm.
- World Health Organization (WHO)/CDC Collaborating Center on Physical Activity. CDC's Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity
(DNPA) is designated as a WHO Collaborating Center on Physical Activity. In working with WHO, priority areas include surveillance, economic
and policy analysis, physical activity program development, partnership development and collaboration, consensus and community guidelines
and active community environments.
- Active Community Environments (ACEs) – Policy and Environmental Interventions. Through the ACEs initiative, CDC conducts research
into issues including the effects of community designs, government policies, individual characteristics and environmental factors on
physical activity levels.
- Biannual Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). This survey provides data on physical activity behaviors of high school students across
the nation. These data are used to track Healthy People 2010 objectives related to youth physical activity. The survey also collects data on
television watching, self-reported height and weight, and dieting behaviors.
- School Health Policies and Programs Study. Conducted in 1994 and 2000, this is the largest study of what schools are doing to
influence the health of their students. It includes detailed information on the quantity of physical education required and the nature of
physical education provided across the nation.
- Healthy Youth Funding Database. This online database provides information on federal, foundation and state-specific funding sources
for school health programs. The database is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dash/funding.htm.
- Enhanced Dissemination and Utilization Centers. Through this program, NHLBI partners with six community-based organizations to form
the basis of a network of groups implementing targeted heart health education strategies to change local physician practices and patient
behaviors. The organizations include a focus on physical activity as a way of improving cardiovascular health. More information is available
at http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/new/press/01-04-25.htm.
Additional Resources
- The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity. This report outlines strategies that
communities can use in helping to address the health problems associated with overweight and obesity, including requiring physical education
at all school grades, providing more healthy food options on school campuses, and providing safe and accessible recreational facilities for
residents of all ages. More information is available at http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/topics/obesity/.
- Physical Activity Evaluation Handbook. This resource outlines the six basic steps of evaluating physical activity programs for
state and local agencies and community organizations and illustrates each step with program examples. Appendices provide information about
physical activity indicators, practical case studies and additional evaluation resources. The handbook is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/handbook/index.htm.
- State-based Physical Activity Program Directory. CDC has compiled this Web-based inventory of programs to promote physical activity
with the involvement of state departments of health for use as a resource by groups also interested in promoting physical activity. It
includes: information about program components, partners, settings, target populations, evaluation and products, and a profile of each
state's efforts to promote physical activity. This directory is available at http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/DNPAProg/.
- Bright Futures in Practice: Physical Activity. CDC, NHLBI, the National Association for Sports and Physical Education and the
President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports along with other organizations and individual researchers partnered with the National
Center for Education in Maternal and Child Health (NCEMCH) to develop the Bright Futures in Practice: Physical Activity Guide, which
provides developmental guidelines on physical activity for the periods of infancy through adolescence. More information is available at http://www.brightfutures.org/physicalactivity/.*
- Physical Activity and Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. This landmark 1996 report brought together the results of decades of
research on physical activity and health. Among its findings were that physical activity need not be strenuous to produce benefits and that
inactive people can improve their health by becoming moderately active on a regular basis. The report is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/sgr/sgr.htm.
- Physical Activity Recommendations from the Guide to Community Preventive Services. The Guide to Community Preventive Services
provides recommendations that communities and health care systems can use to promote health and prevent disease, injury, disability and
premature death. The guidelines include specific recommendations for how communities can encourage people to become more physically active.
Information is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/physical/recommendations.htm.
- Promoting Physical Activity: A Guide for Community Action. CDC produced this guide as a resource for professionals and volunteers
who wish to promote physical activity in almost any setting—a community, a workplace, a school, a health care facility, an agency or a
religious institution. Information on ordering the guide is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/pahand.htm.
- Guidelines for School and Community Programs to Promote Lifelong Physical Activity Among Young People. These guidelines identify
strategies most likely to be effective in helping young people adopt and maintain a physically active lifestyle. The guidelines were
developed in collaboration with experts from other federal agencies, state agencies, universities, voluntary organizations and professional
associations. More information is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dash/guidelines/physact.htm.
- School Health Index for Physical Activity and Healthy Eating Self-Assessment and Planning Guide. This guide enables schools to
identify strengths and weaknesses of their physical activity and nutrition policies and programs; develop an action plan for improving
student health; and involve teachers, parents, students and the community in improving school services. Information is available at http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dash/SHI/index.htm.
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Note: All HHS press releases, fact sheets and other press materials are available at http://www.hhs.gov/news.
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