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Influenza (Flu)

Testing, Reporting & Lab Information

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These documents provide guidance for clinicians and public health professionals in the United States on appropriate testing and specimen collection for patients who might be infected with avian influenza A viruses.

Guidance Documents
  • Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Animals: Interim Recommendations for Prevention, Monitoring, and Public Health Investigations
  • Interim Guidance on Testing and Specimen Collection for Patients with Suspected Infection with Novel Influenza A Viruses with the Potential to Cause Severe Disease in Humans
  • Diagnostics for Detecting H7N9 Using rRT-PCR

Additional Resources

Video: Aspirate Nasal Wash

Video on Aspirate Nasal Wash

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Influenza Specimen Collection

Influenza Specimen Collection Desk Reference Guide

Desk Reference Guide[106 KB, 1 Page, 8½” x 11”]

Last Reviewed: April 17, 2024
Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD)
homeAvian Flu
  • Current Situationplus icon
    • Wild Birdsplus icon
      • Bird Flu Detections Reporting in Wild Birds
    • Poultryplus icon
      • Bird Flu Detections Reporting in Backyard and Commercial Birds
    • Dairy Cows
    • Humansplus icon
      • Monitoring for H5 in people
    • What CDC Is Doing
    • H5N1 Technical Report
  • Bird Flu in Birds
  • Bird Flu in Pets and Other Animals
  • Bird Flu in Peopleplus icon
    • Transmission of Avian Influenza A Viruses Between Animals and People
    • Past Examples of Probable Limited, Non-Sustained, Person-to-Person Spread of Avian Influenza A Viruses
    • Reported Human Infections with Avian Influenza A Viruses
  • Avian Influenza Type A Viruses
  • Prevention and Antivirals
  • Information for Specific Groupsplus icon
    • Key Public Health Prevention Recommendations for HPAI A(H5N1)
    • Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus in Animals: Interim Recommendations for Prevention, Monitoring, and Public Health Investigations
    • Backyard Flock Owners
    • Information for People Exposed to Birds or Other Animals Infected with Avian Influenza Viruses
    • Updated Interim Recommendations for Worker Protection and Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
    • Self-Observation Instructions for Demobilizing Bird Flu Responders
    • Considerations for Veterinarians: Evaluating and Handling of Cats Potentially Exposed to Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus
    • Information for Farm Workers Exposed to H5N1 Bird Flu
    • Public Health Resources for Veterinarians and Veterinary Staff
  • Highlights in the History of Avian Influenzaplus icon
    • Timeline – 1880-1959
    • Timeline – 1960–1999
    • Timeline – 2000-2009
    • Timeline – 2010-2019
    • Timeline – 2020-2024
    • References
  • Past Outbreaksplus icon
    • Past H5N1 Human Infections by Country
    • U.S. H7N8 in 2016
  • Health Care & Laboratorian Guidanceplus icon
    • H5N1 Genetic Changes Inventoryplus icon
      • Inventory Preamble
      • Questions & Answers: H5N1 Genetic Change Inventory
    • Case Definitions
    • Testing, Reporting & Lab Informationplus icon
      • Interim Guidance on Testing, Specimen Collection, and Processing for Patients with Suspected Infection with Novel Influenza A Viruses with the Potential to Cause Severe Disease in Humans
      • Diagnostics for Detecting H7N9 Using rRT-PCR
    • Infection Control Within Healthcare Settings for Patients with Novel Influenza A Viruses
    • For Clinicians: Evaluating and Managing Patients
    • Use of Antiviral Medications for Treatment of Human Infections with Novel Influenza A Viruses
    • Antiviral Chemoprophylaxis of Persons Exposed to Birds with Avian Influenza A Viruses
    • Follow-up of Close Contacts of Persons Infected with Novel Influenza A Viruses and Use of Antiviral Chemoprophylaxis
    • Unpasteurized (Raw) Milk and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: Advice for Healthcare Providers
    • Guidance for Commercial Laboratories on Increasing Submission of Influenza A and B Positive Samples to State and Local Public Health Laboratories
    • CDC Strategy for Enhanced Summer 2024 Influenza Surveillance
    • Novel Influenza A Viruses: Laboratory Biosafety Guidelines
    • Symptom Monitoring Among Persons Exposed to HPAI
  • What CDC Doesplus icon
    • Monitoring
    • Researching the Virus
    • Preparedness and Responseplus icon
      • Making a Candidate Vaccine Virus
  • Avian Influenza Communication Resources
  • News & Spotlights
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