Step 1. Identifying and Obtaining Existing Health Data
Another Potential Data Source: Epidemiologic Studies
Sometimes an epidemiologic study has previously been done for a community where a site is under investigation. Epidemiologic studies evaluate the occurrence of illness in a population and any factors, such as lifestyle and chemical exposure, that might be associated with the occurrence of the illnesses. Click on the term below to see the type of epidemiologic study that is most helpful to the health assessor evaluating conditions at a site.
Although an epidemiologic study can provide an important source of information when evaluating health outcomes in a community, the health assessor needs to consider the appropriateness of the study for this use.
When reviewing an epidemiologic study, the health assessor should consider strengths and weaknesses of the study such as whether
- health issues are clearly stated and health questions are answered
- reasonable evidence is provided for establishing a relationship between chemical exposure (contact with the chemical) and a disease outcome
- analysis methods, limitations, and uncertainties are addressed
- up-to-date scientific methods were used in the study
- conclusions and recommendations are supported by the data presented